Process op kaking pens



L. A. HAWKES. PROCESS OF MAKING PENS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 6. 1920.

1,365,318. Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

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' m M m? W/TAEJS: 7619. Lea/r1:- 14. flaw/its Mam To all whom it mayconcern:

UNITED sures PATENT'OFFICE.

LEWIS A. HAWKES, or MERCHANTVILLE, NEW JEEsEY, ASSIGNOR o a, HOWARD HUNTPEN COMPANY, or CAMDEN, NEW JEEsEY, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

PROCESS OF MAKING PENS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patent d J 11 1921 Application filedApril 6, 1920. Serial No. 371,582.

Be it known that I, LEWIs A. HAwKEs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Merchantville, county of Camden, and State of New Jersey,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes of Making Pens,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a art ofthis specification.

y invention relates to the manufacture of pens and more particularly tothose types of pens having distorted points, such as, for example, ballpointed and turned up pointed ens.

P Heretofore, in the manufacture of ball pointed and turned up pointedpens, it has been the practice to fabricate the pen in the usual manner,involving cutting out the blank or blanking, piercing or slotting,annealing, raising or shaping, hardening and tempering, grinding,slittlng to form the nibs, and finally punching the point with asuitable tool to produce the ball point or turned up point, as the casemay be, each step being a separate operation.

The ball pointing, or similar operation of distortion of the point,results in great waste of material and time due to the fact that thedistortion of the point, after tempering and slitting, often causes themetal to crack or clip, thus spoiling the otherwise finished pen. If.the temper is drawn out to such an extent as to avoid cracking, the penis found to be insufficiently tempered and the deleterious effect ofdistortingthe separate nibs, formed by the slitting, is not reduced.

In accordance witlrmy invention, I eliminate the separatepoint-distorting step and distort the point after the'annealing step andcoincidently with the shaping of the blank, after which the pen ishardened, temered, and slitted in the usual manner.

hus the distortion of the point is accomplished when it is soft andbefore the nibs are formed, with the result that the number of pensspoiled is greatly reduced and the loss, from those which are spoiled,is minimized, due to the fact that the pen has passed through relativelyfew operations and has had comparatively little labor expended on it. Byvirtue of my invention, therefore, I not only eliminate a completeoperation in the process of manufacture, but

the actual waste in units is greatly reduced and the loss due to thewasted units is rendered negligible, compared to that of presentmethods.

I will now proceed to describe mechanlsm, suitable for carrying out theprocess embodying my invention, with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 1s a perspective view of a ball polnted pen.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of aturned' tion, of a shaping die andpunch, with the blank in position for shaping.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the subject of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a shearing device and guides, for slitting thepen, with the upper shear removed.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the shearing device.

Fig. 10 is a cross-section of the shearing device.

The blank a, formed by stamping or cutting from a strip of metal stock,is pierced to provide the slot 6 and then annealed. After beingannealed, the blank is shaped and the point distorted, to make a pen 8having a ball point It, for example, in a raising or shapingdie. Theshaping die a is cut out to the desired shape of the pen and providedwith a pin d, which protrudes above its surface at a point adjacent theposition of the extreme point of the pen, when in the die. Guides e,suitably mounted and made adjustable, are provided to properly'positionthe blank in relation to the die. A suitably driven punch f, conformingto the shape of the due and provided with a recess g opposed to in d, isadapted to press the blank a into t e. die, thus raising or shaping theblank and at the same time distorting it to provide the ball point h,through the action of pin 03, in pressing a portion of the blank,.adjacent the extreme point, into recess 9.

The raised or shaped blank is then hardened, tempered and ground. After,the grinding operation, the nibs are formed by slitting on a linerunning from the point to the slot 6. The slitting operation isaccomplished by placing the pen between a pair of shears j and k, theblades of which are provided with irregularities to accommodate the ballpoint. The lower blade j is provided with a recess Z, while the upperblade is is provided with a corresponding downward extension m. A.suitable rest n,

for the pen, is placed adjacent the end of the shears and a pair ofguides 0 and p are placed on opposite sides to properly position the penfor slitting, the guide 0 being yieldingly held by means of a spring g,which permits the guide to be depressed by the upper blade during theactual slitting.

The above mechanism with obvious modification is likewise adapted forthe production of a pen having a turned up point 1-.

It will be obvious that my invention is applicable to pens having anytype of point involving shaping or distortion of the metal, and it Wlllbe understood that I do not limit myself to the production of ballpointed or turned up pointed pens.

The apparatus described conforms to what is known in the art, exceptthat the shaping die 0 is provided with a pin 03, the punch with arecess g, and the shears with an extension m and a recess Z. Thepractice of my new process however does not require Having now fullydescribed my invention,

What I claim and desire to ters Patent is:

1. The process of making specially pointed pens which comprises shapingthe blank and distorting the point in one operation and in a subsequentoperation forming the nibs by slitting the pen through the thusdistorted point.

2. The process of making specially pointed pens which comprisessubjecting an annealed and slotted blank having a solid pointed endportion to pressure to shape the blank and impart to the point thecharacteristic distortion which it is designed the finished pen shallhave, and subsequently forming the nibs by shearing the pen along alongitudinal center line extending through its distorted point into thefront of its slot.

3. The process of making specially pointed pens which comprises cuttingout the blank, slotting the blank, then annealing the blank, thensimultaneously shaping theblank and distorting the point, then hardeningand tempering the shaped and slotted blank, and then slitting it along alongitudinal center line extending from the front of the slot throughthe distorted point.

In testimony of which'invention, I have protect by Let hereunto set myhand, at Camden, N. J on this third day of A ril, 1920.

' LE I IS A. HAWKES.

